ABSTRACT
O Estado Nutricional (EN) exerce grande influência na morbimortalidade de idosos institucionalizados, e a sua avaliação permite definir uma intervenção nutricional individualizada. Esse estudo objetivou avaliar o estado nutricional e o consumo alimentar de idosos residentes de uma instituição de longa permanência. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 37 idosos institucionalizados residentes, no ano de 2019. O EN foi avaliado pelo questionário da Mini Avaliação Nutricional (MAN). O consumo alimentar foi obtido através da pesagem total dos alimentos, verificando sua adequação de acordo com as recomendações para idade. As diferenças entre variáveis foram testadas por meio do teste t de Student e o teste de Mann-Whitney. As associações entre variáveis foram investigadas com auxílio dos coeficientes de correlação de Pearson e Spearman. As prevalências de desnutrição e risco de desnutrição nos idosos foram de 21,6% e 73%, respectivamente. O Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) demonstrou predominância de baixo peso nos homens (38,9%) e sobrepeso nas mulheres (47,4%). Foi encontrado consumo excessivo de carboidratos e proteínas na população, sendo que, a ingestão de energia, proteínas e lipídios foi superior entre o grupo masculino. A circunferência do braço (p= 0,007), necessidade energética estimada (p= 0,049) e IMC (p <0,001) foram associados positivamente com a MAN. Os resultados demonstraram que, esses idosos são caracterizados por alto risco nutricional associado a alterações na composição corporal, e inadequações nutricionais. Sugerindo que, independente do consumo alimentar estar adequado em quantidade, não foi suficiente para prevenir o quadro de desnutrição nos idosos institucionalizados.(AU)
The Nutritional Status (NS) has a great influence on the morbidity and mortality of institutionalized elderly, and its evaluation allows to define of an individualized nutritional intervention. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and food consumption of elderly residents of a long-term institution. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 37 institutionalized elderly residents in 2019. The NS was assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire. Dietary intake was obtained through total weighing of the food, checking its adequacy according to the recommendations for age. Differences between variables were tested using the Student's t-test and the Mann-Whitney test. Associations between variables were investigated with the aid of Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients. The prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition in the elderly was 21.6% and 73%, respectively. The Body Mass Index (BMI) showed a predominance of low weight in men (38.9%) and overweight in women (47.4%). Excessive consumption of carbohydrates and proteins was found in the population, and the intake of energy, proteins, and lipids was higher among the male group. Arm circumference (p = 0.007), estimated energy requirement (p = 0.049) and BMI (p <0.001) were positively associated with MAN. The results demonstrate that these elderly people are characterized by the high nutritional risk associated with changes in body composition, and nutritional inadequacies. Suggesting that, regardless of whether food intake was adequate in quantity, it was not enough to prevent malnutrition in institutionalized elderly.(AU)
Subject(s)
Aged , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Eating , Health of Institutionalized ElderlyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND In Brazil, the yellow fever virus (YFV) is maintained in a sylvatic cycle involving wild mosquitoes and non-human primates (NHPs). The virus is endemic to the Amazon region; however, waves of epidemic expansion reaching other Brazilian states sporadically occur, eventually causing spillovers to humans. OBJECTIVES To report a surveillance effort that led to the first confirmation of YFV in NHPs in the state of Minas Gerais (MG), Southeast region, in 2021. METHODS A surveillance network was created, encompassing the technology of smartphone applications and coordinated actions of several research institutions and health services to monitor and investigate NHP epizootics. FINDINGS When alerts were spread through the network, samples from NHPs were collected and YFV infection confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and genome sequencing at an interval of only 10 days. Near-complete genomes were generated using the Nanopore MinION sequencer. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that viral genomes were related to the South American genotype I, clustering with a genome detected in the Amazon region (state of Pará) in 2017, named YFVPA/MG sub-lineage. Fast YFV confirmation potentialised vaccination campaigns. MAIN CONCLUSIONS A new YFV introduction was detected in MG 6 years after the beginning of the major outbreak reported in the state (2015-2018). The YFV strain was not related to the sub-lineages previously reported in MG. No human cases have been reported, suggesting the importance of coordinated surveillance of NHPs using available technologies and supporting laboratories to ensure a quick response and implementation of contingency measures to avoid YFV spillover to humans.
ABSTRACT
Devido ao aumento do consumo de produtos com maior valor nutritivo, o que tem levado cada vez mais, a busca dos consumidores por produtos funcionais. Este trabalho objetivou desenvolver e analisar a aceitabilidade, de três formulações de bolos com biomassa de banana verde e fermentado de kefir. De acordo com a análise da aceitabilidade do produto, no geral, observou-se que as notas atribuídas para as três formulações foram acima de 6, indicando uma avaliação positiva. Considera-se que as formulações teriam potencial para aceitação e compra no mercado, inclusive com a substituição da farinha de trigo por aveia em flocos finos, farinha de milho e farinha de arroz, por apresentarem valores nutricionais importantes para a saúde dos consumidores, sobretudo dos idosos.